DOMINGO, ABIGAIL EVANGELISTA, DEITHER FELICIANO. Epidemics of meningitis are seen across the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Suspected agents should include N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenzae and other pathogens in some cases. Disinfection and Sterilization. Eva is a three-year-old girl who is on holiday with her grandparents. In 2 to 3 days, the papule evolves into a pustule, which spontaneously ruptures and forms a sharply circumscribed ulcer that is generally not indurated The ulcers are painful and bleed easily; little or no inflammation of . CSF outflow resistance is elevated and inhibits CSF flow from the subarachnoid space to the dural sinuses. Bacterial Meningitis. The infection can cause the tissues around the . INTRODUCTION. If bacterial meningitis is suspected, CSF is the best clinical specimen to use for isolation, identification, and characterization of the etiological agents. BACTERIAL MENINGITIS. General Characteristic for Bacterial Meningitis. . Introduction. It may be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa. This morning, Eva's grandparents noticed a very small purple rash on her leg, and so they have to come to the pharmacy for advice. fungal meningitis; 9 pages. Hospital Acquired Infections. In 1913, Simon Flexner's introduction of intrathecal meningococcal antiserum decreased the mortality of meningococcal meningitis from 75 to 31 percent, but the clinical outcome did not dramatically improve . Am Fam Physician. Of newborns, 20-30% may die from bacterial meningitis. 3. This form of meningitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Bacterial Meningitis: Basic Facts. Explanation: A spinal tap (or lumbar puncture) is the most common method of obtaining a sample for the fluid in the spinal canal to determine a diagnosis for encephalitis or meningitis. Bacterial Infection and Immunity. Create Presentation . Cryptococcus neoformans var. EL HUSSEINYS ESSENTIALS OF MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY.pdf. Provided by: erkeMedS. Survivors may experience hearing loss or deafness, brain damage, seizures, and/or the retention of fluid on the brain. The inflammation is usually caused by an infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. General Discussion. Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and protists. Majority of cases caused by 2 types of bacteria. In TBM, the disorder develops gradually. SURGERY 20932. Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the spinal cord and the cerebral fluid around the brain( cdc ). N. meningitidis - Epidemic strains/endemic strains - "meningitis" belt in sub-Saharan Africa (type A) Sporadic cases - types B, A, W135, Gram negative (LPS) - Rapid uptake by the epithelial cells - Receptor mediated endocytosis Sepsis Encapsulated - requires IgG + complement to phagocytose Carriers in the population - increased carriage . When inoculated in this medium and incubated at room temperature for 5 days C. neoformans var neoformans forms yellow coloured colonies . It may be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Bacterial meningitis remains a disease with associated unacceptable morbidity and mortality rates despite the availability of effective bactericidal antimicrobial therapy. N. meningitidis is a fastidious, encapsulated, aerobic gram-negative diplococcus. MCB2340C Section 08 General Microbiology- Module 04 Lecture Quiz.docx. Case study 1: a toddler with mild meningitis. It is characterized by swelling, headache, fever and a stiff neck. Bacterial Meningitis can be treated with antibiotics, but quick medical attention is extremely important. To avoid the potential for contamination of the material, all tubes must be delivered first to the Microbiology Laboratory. there may be variations in clinical presentation. Young children often exhibit only nonspecific symptoms . Patients whose history, exam, and/or imaging suggests one of these conditions . JUBELENE GUMULON, ALEXIS NICOLE UPPAL, GAGAN DEEP RICAFRENTE, DHARLEEN SALINAS, NICA SUNER, KERBY JANE TERENCIO, MAJELLA BACTERIAL MENINGITIS Most common form of meningitis. Abstract. DefinitionPyogenic meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges affecting Pia, Arachnoid and subarachnoid space.Acute in onset, serious infection ,associated with marked inflammatory exudation.Usually caused by bacterial infections.May be preceded by URTI.Can be fatal if untreated. It is important to know whether the cause is viral or bacterial as this will determine how to treat the patient. Lab Dx of Meningitis smear of centrifuged smear. Meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease, and involves an inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, called the meninges. ; Microbiology: A Human Perspective. Main Menu; . neoformans grows as bright red colonies, turning the medium a bright orange after 5 days. Meninges : membran yang mengelilingi otak dan sumsum tulang belakang. The Microbiology of Central Nervous System Infections, Volume 3, discusses modern approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of central nervous system (CNS) infections. Avg rating:1.0/5.0. Bacteria; CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS a break in the epithelium during sexual contact with an infected individual. It significantly decreases the time to diagnosis of ME and data has yielded several positive outcomes. Infection with Neisseria meningitidis can produce a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from transient fever and bacteremia to fulminant disease with death ensuing within hours of the onset of clinical symptoms. Neisseria meningitidis: meningitis. Fungal meningitis Fungal meningitis is relatively uncommon and causes chronic meningitis. Meningitis Shafaat Ullah BSN. The list of pathogens which can potentially cause meningitis, encephalitis, and meningoencephalitis is broad. Meningitis/Encephalitis Pathogen Panel . Through the use of experimental animal models of infection, a great deal of information has been gleaned concerning the pathogen . Case Study A 3 yr old girl was brought to the emergency room by her parents because of fever and loss of appetite for the past 24 hrs and difficulty in arousing her for the past 2 hrs. Why Study Microbiology? What Is Meningitis?. This new release is divided into five sections that cover treatment strategies, imaging, molecular diagnosis, management of CNS infections with metal . 3. Gen Khyber Medical University 4/3/2017 1 2. All untreated cases of cryptococcal meningitis are ultimately fatal. Infection may occur either through the blood (blood borne) or by direct spread along sinuses and veins from other parts of the body. This algorithm was created after MRF funded research identified delays in recognition and differences in the hospital management of young infants with bacterial meningitis(6). Additional tests can include evaluation of the blood for signs of infection and possible presence of bacteria and brain . C.E. Meningitis is a devastating disease with a high case fatality rate and leading to serious long-term complications (sequelae). A serious infection ,associated with marked . Read Paper. Isolation & identification (Culture): In BA, CA, MA 37 0C aerobically for 24-48 hrs, cell culture for viral infections. The three layers of the meninges Bacteria can reach the meninges through the bloodstream or direct contact. meningitis caused by organisms other than bacteria. Early effective therapy for both bacterial and certain viral pathogens has been associated with improved outcomes. Treatment with antibiotics and other drugs is usually effective . This inflammation can be caused by bacterial infections or viral infections. First Microorganisms on earth Early. The correct answer is: Spinal tap. View Meningitis bacterial and aseptic ..ppt from NURSING MISC at Mutah University. Meningitis is mostly caused by viral infection but can also be caused by bacteria and fungi. Slides: 50. About 5-8% of patients with AIDS develop cryptococcal meningitis. Meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease, and involves an inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, called the meninges. The subarachnoid space is bounded externally by the arachnoid membrane and internally by the pia, and dips into the brain along blood vessels in the perivascular (Virchow-Robin) spaces. Clinical description Meningitis is the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges. Bacterial meningitis may present acutely (symptoms evolving rapidly over 1-24 hours), sub acutely (symptoms evolving over 1-7days), or chronically (symptoms evolving over more than 1 week). Thus, as a member of the World Health Organization coordinated Invasive Bacterial Vaccine Preventable Diseases network, Togo conducts surveillance targeting Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), and Haemophilus influenzae, at a sentinel hospital within . 5. Preparing for lumbar puncture If possible, three tubes (1 ml each) of . Viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis. General Characteristic for Bacterial Meningitis. Recommendations are based on the current evidence from literature and incorporate NICE Bacterial Meningitis and Meningococcal Septicaemia Guideline CG102. Microbiology-pseudomonas Ppt (1) - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Eva is unusually tired and is complaining that her legs are aching. Bacteriophage. Meningitis remains a major global public-health challenge. A serious infection ,associated with . - A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 3ce18d-ZGI4N . Although meningitis is a notifiable disease, the exact incidence rate is unknown. Fungal meningitis Cryptococcal meningitis is a common fungal form of the disease that affects people with immune deficiencies, such as AIDS. Introduction Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the leptomeninges, usually causing by bacterial infection. Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the membranes (meninges) surrounding brain and spinal cord. Introduction: Leptomeningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord (para-arachnoid). Microbiology The menengis are hit directly when bacteria moves into the subarachnoid space in the . Bacterial meningitis remains a disease with associated unacceptable morbidity and mortality rates despite the availability of effective bactericidal antimicrobial therapy. Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) is a form of meningitis characterized by inflammation of the membranes (meninges) around the brain or spinal cord and caused by a specific bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. BSN 1Y2-1. Clinical description Meningitis is a disease caused by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges. 5. Molecular Microbiology: Diagnostic Principles and Practice is a textbook for molecular diagnostics courses that can also be used by anyone involved with diagnostic test selection and interpretation. Typically in bacterial meningitis the white cell count is much higher than in viral meningitis (and is a different type of white cell), the protein is much higher and the glucose is much lower than in viral meningitis. - A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 68084f-MzFmM . It may mimic acute bacterial meningitis. Infection of the meninges, brain and spinal cord results in meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess and . In this review, we describe the biology, microbiology, and epidemiology of this exclusive human pathogen. Canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue (CGB) medium is used to identify Cryptococcus isolates. BSN 1Y2-1. MENINGITIS Pathophysiology The infectious agents (ie, bacteria, virus, fungus, parasite) enter the . Immunological test : Detection of bacterial antigens & Ag of C.neoformans from CSF by LAT or other tests. Patient Information: See related handout on the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine . Statistics According to a report published, in the United States 4,100 cases of bacterial meningitis were reported including 500 deaths occurred each year in between 2003-2007. Meningitis.ppt 1. Meningococcal meningitis is a medical emergency for which symptoms can range from . fever, headache, altered mental status, neck stiffness. MICROBIOLOGY OF OTITIS, SINUSITIS, AND MENINGITIS 2005-02 diseases and their agents that afflict various parts of the head middle ear (otitis media) sinuses (sinusitis) central nervous system (meningitis) Upper respiratory tract lack of cellular and humoral defenses normal flora almost all of these diseases begin with infection of the nasopharynx and/or . Meningococcal meningitis is the term used to describe a bacterial form of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Through the use of experimental animal models of infection, a great deal of information has been gleaned concerning the pathogenic and pathophysiologic mechanisms . Bacterial Meningitis Presented by, Afrah Abdul Wahid Ali Ashutosh Wanchu Lavina Loungani Sophie Gorniewicz Tahir Yahya. Download Presentation. Number of Views: 335. Signs and symptoms of cryptococcal meningitis. INTRODUCTION. 17. Study Resources. In recent years, significant advances have improved our understanding of the epidemiology and genetic basis of meningococcal disease In 2010 - 420, 000 deaths In 2013 - 303,000 deaths. Definition Pyogenic meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges affecting Pia, Arachnoid and subarachnoid space. Bacterial meningitis also produces effects on blood vessels in the subarachnoid space with resulting vasculitis, vessel narrowing, thrombosis, and ischemia or infarction of the brain. 32 Full PDFs related to this paper. Many of these bacteria can also be associated with another serious illness, sepsis. It can be caused by viruses that are commonly contagious in the community, including enterovirus, mumps virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus (which normally causes chickenpox), Epstein-Barr virus, and West Nile virus. The inflammation is usually caused by an infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Lecture 1 Bacterial meningitis Dr. Abdelraouf A. Elmanama Islamic University-Gaza Medical Technology Department Anatomy Meningies CNS infections Meningitis Infection . due to the type of pathogen, patient age, host immune status. 80% of all cases are acute bacterial meningitis Can be life threatening. It can occur as a complication of other disease and 50% is an opportunistic infection. Infection may occur either through the blood (blood borne) or by direct spread along sinuses and veins from other parts of the body. JUBELENE GUMULON, ALEXIS NICOLE UPPAL, GAGAN DEEP RICAFRENTE, DHARLEEN SALINAS, NICA SUNER, KERBY JANE TERENCIO, MAJELLA BACTERIAL MENINGITIS Most common form of meningitis. 6. Definition of bacterial meningitis. Meningitis adalah infeksi yang menular. CNS infections are classified according to their anatomic localization ( Figure 1) 2 - 5. DOMINGO, ABIGAIL EVANGELISTA, DEITHER FELICIANO. MENINGITIS DR.OMAR ALI NAFI MBBS,CJBP,MRCP :Introduction Meningitis : is inflammation of .the leptomeninges One of. Related Journals of Meningits Bacterial Meningitis 1 / 20 . Appearance Opening pressures Cell count and differentials Biochemistry - proteins, glucose Microbiology - culture, gram stain, . It is also a useful reference for laboratories and as a continuing education resource for physicians. Neisseria meningitidis, an exclusive pathogen of humans, remains the leading worldwide cause of meningitis and fatal sepsis, usually in otherwise healthy individuals. MENINGITIS Farmakoterapi Infeksi dan Malignansi fPENDAHULUAN Meningitis infeksi meninges. Laboratory Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Bacte rial Infection. Sepsis is the body's extreme response to infection. Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, nausea, vomiting, and an inability to tolerate light or loud noises. Microbiology research encompasses all aspects of these microorganisms such as their behavior, evolution, ecology, biochemistry . otitis Localised and generalised infections Urinary tract infection after catheterization Iatrogenic meningitis Post tracheostomy pulmonary infections. Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. Clinical Microbiology Lecture Notes. Headache; Fever McGraw Hill Higher . Microbiology of Acute Pyogenic Meningitis - Definition Pyogenic meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges affecting Pia, . Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis or TB, is a less common cause of bacterial meningitis (called TB meningitis). View lab diagnosis of meningitis.ppt from BIOTECH AS101 at University of Health Sciences Lahore. However, in part, reports of both false positive and false negative detections have resulted in concerns about adoption. Bacterial Physiology. VIRAL MENINGITIS/ENCEPHALITIS - Title: Presentazione di PowerPoint Author: Utente Last modified by: saverio Created Date: 6/8/2006 12:58:52 PM . The PowerPoint PPT presentation: "Microbiology of Acute Pyogenic . - PowerPoint PPT presentation. The central nervous system (CNS) presents a special milieu for bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic infections: the brain and spinal cord are protected by bone and meningeal coverings that compartmentalize infection; they are divided by barriers from the systemic circulation; they lack an . Meningitis can be . a papule with surrounding erythema appears. Bacterial Variation. There is a myriad of infectious and noninfectious causes of meningitis, but for the purpose of this review, the focus will be acute . And they're ready for you to use in your PowerPoint presentations the moment you need them. Photophobia and an altered mental status was also noted. BACTERIAL MENINGITIS. Powerpoint presentations -. Meningitis G e n e r a l O v e r v i e w Siddharth Bansal MBBS Gauhati Medical College 9/5/2013 1 2. Bacterial meningitis. Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, in particular the arachnoid and the pia mater, associated with the invasion of bacteria into the subarachnoid space, principles known for more than 100 years [Flexner, 1907].The pathogens take advantage of the specific features of the immune system in the CNS, replicate and induce inflammation . Introduction: Leptomeningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord (para-arachnoid). MICROBIOLOGY OF OTITIS, SINUSITIS, AND MENINGITIS 2005-02 diseases and their agents that afflict various parts of the head middle ear (otitis media) sinuses (sinusitis) central nervous system (meningitis) Upper respiratory tract lack of cellular and humoral defenses normal flora almost all of these diseases begin with infection of the nasopharynx and/or . Microbiology of Acute Pyogenic Meningitis - Definition Pyogenic meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges affecting Pia, Arachnoid and subarachnoid space. Skin, Soft tissue and Mucus membrane infections. 2010;82(12):1491-1498 A more recent article on aseptic and bacterial meningitis is available. 80% of all cases are acute bacterial meningitis Can be life threatening. View introduction to Microbiology.ppt from AA 1Introduction to Microbiology Microbiology: The Science Introduction What is Microbiology? Meningitis B Vaccine in Sheffield - Meningitis B is most common in children under five years old, . The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness. Description. N. meningitidis - Epidemic strains/endemic strains - "meningitis" belt in sub-Saharan Africa (type A) Sporadic cases - types B, A, W135, Gram negative (LPS) - Rapid uptake by the epithelial cells - Receptor mediated endocytosis Sepsis Encapsulated - requires IgG + complement to phagocytose Carriers in the population - increased carriage . Find out what happens to a 14-year-old when bacteria invade his central nervous . View meningitis.ppt from MEDICAL SU MCHB BSN at Moi University. Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening infection of the linings or meninges of the brain and spinal cord. The developmental history had been normal since birth.